Enacting an emergency EFL course in an Indonesian disadvantaged condition


  • (1) * Khusnul Khotimah            English Education Department, Universitas Mataram  
            Indonesia

  • (2)  Kurniawan Apgrianto            English Education Department, Universitas Mataram  
            Indonesia

  • (3)  Mutmainnah Mustofa            Department of English Education, Universitas Islam Malang  
            Indonesia

  • (4)  M. Faruq Ubaidillah            Center for Scientific Publication, Universitas Negeri Malang  
            Indonesia

  • (5)  Shinta Amalia            Center for Scientific Publication, Universitas Negeri Malang  
            Indonesia

    (*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Situated in a disadvantaged condition in Lombok, Indonesia, the present study looks at the enactment of an emergency EFL course after earthquake and aftershock circumstances in a public university in the region. For such a purpose, forty-two non-English department students who attended the course in four face-to-face and nine asynchronous meetings were recruited using a convenience sampling technique. A set of questionnaire was disseminated to document participants’ responses on the course implementation. Observation and semi-structured interviews were also conducted to portray the pedagogical praxis. The findings suggest that the course delivery did not utterly reflect an effective teaching-learning process accordingly due to various factors. Barriers to using the WhatsApp tool also existed. Interestingly, the students positively reflected the course as the best way to learn in a disadvantaged condition. However, they were not confident with their attainment in English skills and components. Further considerations on how to design materials and assessment instruments and build a decent interaction are needed in learning under such disadvantaged condition.

HIGHLIGHTS :

  • The findings evince that the course delivery did not utterly reflect an effective teaching-learning process accordingly due to various factors. Barriers to using the WhatsApp tool also existed. 
  • The students positively reflected the course as the best way to learn in an emergency learning milieu. The teacher appeared to be able to maintain students’ motivation.
  • Further considerations on how to design materials and assessment instruments and build a decent interaction are needed in learning under such disadvantaged conditions.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Khusnul Khotimah, English Education Department, Universitas Mataram

Khusnul Khotimah is a faculty member of English Education Department of Universitas Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. She has been teaching EFL for various ages for more than 10 years. She has been actively involved in a wide range of national and international teacher (researcher) professional development activities. Her areas of specialisation include language teaching methodology, learning autonomy, language learning motivation and engagement, and teacher professional development. Email: khusnul_pena@unram.ac.id

Kurniawan Apgrianto, English Education Department, Universitas Mataram

Kurniawan Apgrianto is a lecturer at Unversitas Mataram. He was graduated with a BA in English Education from State University of Yogyakarta followed by a Master of Education in English Education from State University of Semarang. He has been teaching EFL in higher education for 17 years. His interests are in Teaching Methodology, Language Assessment, and Material Development. Email: wawan.mataram@unram.ac.id

Mutmainnah Mustofa, Department of English Education, Universitas Islam Malang

Mutmainnah Mustofa is a senior lecturer at the Department of English Education, Universitas Islam Malang (UNISMA). Her research interests mainly focus on ICT-based language teaching and materials development. Email: inamustofa@unisma.ac.id

M. Faruq Ubaidillah, Center for Scientific Publication, Universitas Negeri Malang

Faruq Ubaidillah obtained M.Ed in English Language Teaching from Universitas Islam Malang (UNISMA). He currently teaches language skills at the same university. He is also affiliated with the Center for Scientific Publication, Universitas Negeri Malang, facilitating lecturers and graduate students for scholarly publication. His works mainly focus on language teaching methodology, language and identity, and narrative inquiry in language education and have appeared in reputable international journals. Emal: mfubaidillah@um.ac.id

Shinta Amalia, Center for Scientific Publication, Universitas Negeri Malang

Shinta Amalia obtained her M.Ed in English Language Teaching from Universitas Negeri Malang. She is affiliated with the Center for Scientific Publication, Universitas Negeri Malang. Recently, she was awarded a Fulbright Foreign Language Teaching Assistant (FLTA) Program Scholarship by Aminef with Arizona State University as the host institution. Her research interests include language teaching methodology and rhetorical moves in academic writing Email: shintad2@gmail.com

References

Amry, B. A. (2014). The impact of WhatsApp mobile social learning of the achievement and attitudes of female students and compared with face-to-face learning in the classroom. European Scientific Journal, 10(22), 116-136. https://ejournal.org/index.php/esj/article/download/3909/3700.

Alghasab, M., Hardman, J., & Handley, Z. (2019). Teacher-student interaction on wikis: Fostering collaborative learning and writing. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 21, 10–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2018.12.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2018.12.002

Arghode, V., Brieger, E., & Wang, J. (2018). Engaging instructional design and instructor role in online learning environment. European Journal of Training and Development, 42(7/8), 366–380. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-12-2017-0110 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-12-2017-0110

Arifani, Y. (2019). The application of small group and individual flipped model with WhatsApp to foster EFL learners’ cohesive writing skill, Library Hi Tech News, 36 (4), 10-12. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHTN-12-2018-0075 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/LHTN-12-2018-0075

Awada, G. (2016). Effect of WhatsApp on critique writing proficiency and perceptions toward learning.Cogent Education, 1-26. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/2331186X.2016.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2016.1264173

Bensalem, E. (2018). The impact of WhatsApp on EFL students' vocabulary learning. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), 9(1), 23-38. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol9no1.2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol9no1.2

Chauhan, V. (2017). Synchronous and asynchronous learning. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR), 3(2), 1345-1348. https://www.onlinejournal.in/IJIRV3I2/231.pdf

Chen, N. S., Ko, H. C., Kinshuk, & Lin, T. (2005). A model for synchronous learning using the Internet. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 42(2), 181-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14703290500062599

Coldeway, D. (1995). Distance education revisited: an introduction to the Issue. In Simonson, M., S. Smaldino& S. Zvacek (Eds.), Teaching and Learning at a Distance (pp. 7). New Jersey, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

DeAndrea, D. C., Ellison, N. B., LaRose, R., Steinfield, C., & Fiore, A. (2012). Serious social media: On the use of social media for improving students’ adjustment to college. The Internet and Higher Education, 15(1), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.05.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.05.009

Dabner, N. (2012). ‘Breaking Ground’ in the use of social media: A case study of a university earthquake response to inform educational design with Facebook. The Internet and Higher Education, 15(1), 69–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.06.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.06.001

Dunn, T. J., & Kennedy, M. (2019). Technology Enhanced Learning in higher education; motivations, engagement and academic achievement. Computers & Education, 137, 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.04.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.04.004

Elgort, I. (2011). Dealing with complexity through course design. On the Horizon, 19(2), 97–108. https://doi.org/10.1108/10748121111138290 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/10748121111138290

Giesbers, B., Rienties, B., Tempelaar, D., & Gijselaers, W. (2014). A dynamic analysis of the interplay between asynchronous and synchronous communication in online learning: The impact of motivation. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 30(1), 30-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12020

Hamad, M. M. (2017). Using WhatsApp to enhance students’ learning of English language “experience to share”. Higher Education Studies, 7 (4), 74-87. http://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v7n4p74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v7n4p74

Hani, N. A. B. (2014). The impact of WhatsApp group’s utilization of EFL students’ vocabulary writing amelioration. International Journal of University Teaching and Faculty Development, 5(2), 73-87. http://s3.mazoneaws.com.

Huang, C.-Q., Han, Z.-M., Li, M.-X., Jong, M. S., & Tsai, C.-C. (2019). Investigating students’ interaction patterns and dynamic learning sentiments in online discussions. Computers & Education, 140, 103589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.05.015

Johnson, G. M. (2006). Synchronous and asynchronous text-based CMC in educational contexts: A review of recent research. TechTrends, 50(4), 46-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-006-0046-9

Man, C. (2014). Word’s up with WhatsApp: the use of instant messaging in consciousness rising of academic vocabulary. 23rd MELTA and 12th Asia TEFL International Conference 28-30 August 2014, at Borneo Convention Centre, Kuching. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271854090

Maria, J. (2016). Use of WhatsApp to enhance reading and writing skills at undergraduate college level. Language in India, 16(11). Retrieved from http://www.languageinindia.com/nov2016/mariaWhatsApp final.pdf

Moore, M.G. (1989). Three types of interaction. The American Journal of Distance Education, 3(2), 1–6. http://aris.teluq.uquebec.ca/portals/598/t3_moore1989.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08923648909526659

Mutch, C. (2015). Quiet heroes: teacher and Canterbury, New Zealand, earthquake. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 19(2), 77-86.http://trauma.massey.ac.nz/issues/2015-2/AJDTS_19_2_Mutch.pdf.

Huang, C.-Q., Han, Z.-M., Li, M.-X., Jong, M. S., & Tsai, C.-C. (2019). Investigating students’ interaction patterns and dynamic learning sentiments in online discussions. Computers & Education, 140, 103589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.05.015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.05.015

Neroni, J., Meijs, C., Gijselaers, H. J. M., Kirschner, P. A., & de Groot, R. H. M. (2019). Learning strategies and academic performance in distance education. Learning and Individual Differences, 73, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2019.04.007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2019.04.007

Nordström, T., Andersson, U. B., Fälth, L., & Gustafson, S. (2019). Teacher inquiry of using assessments and recommendations in teaching early reading. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 63, 9–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2019.06.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2019.06.006

Rawas, H., Bano, N., & Alaidarous, S. (2019). Comparing the effects of individual versus group face-to-face class activities in flipped classroom on student’s test performances. Health Professions Education, S2452301119300033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpe.2019.06.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpe.2019.06.002

Offir, B., Lev, Y., & Bezalel, R. (2008). Surface and deep learning processes in distance education: Synchronous versus asynchronous systems. Computers & Education, 51(3), 1172-1183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2007.10.009

Pietro, G.D. (2015). The academic impact of natural disaster: evidence from L’Aquila Earthquake. IZA Discussion Paper No 8867, London, UK.

Redmond, P. (2011). From face-to-face teaching to online teaching: pedagogical transitions. Proceedings ASCILITE 24 – 7 December 2011 Hobart: Full Paper. 1050-1060, at Hobart Tasmania Australia. Retrieved from http://www.ascilite.org/conferences/hobart11/downloads/papers/Redmond-full.pdf.

Savi, A. O., Ruijs, N. M., Maris, G. K. J., & van der Maas, H. L. J. (2018). Delaying access to a problem-skipping option increases effortful practice: Application of an A/B test in large-scale online learning. Computers & Education, 119, 84–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.12.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.12.008

Shaw, R., Shiwaku Hirohide Kobayashi, K., & Kobayashi, M. (2004). Linking experience, education, perception and earthquake preparedness. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 13(1), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.1108/09653560410521689 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09653560410521689

Seyle, C., Widyatmoko, S., & Silver, R.C. (2013). Coping with natural disasters in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A study of elementary school teachers. School Psychology International, 34(4) 387–404.DOI: 10.1177/0143034312446889. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/906a/3906cdf718dc8c0af6d239ab4664cc817285.pdf.

Song, L., Watulak, S. L., Kritskaya, O., & Elmendorf, D. (2013). Exploring Undergraduate Students' Skills, Level of Comfort, and Perceived Benefit of Using Technology for Learning. International Journal of Technology in Teaching and Learning, 9(1), 18-36.

Üzel, D., & Özdemir, E. (2012). The Effects of Problem-Based E-Learning on Prospective Teachers’ Achievements and Attitudes towards Learning Mathematics. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 55, 1154–1158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.609 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.609

van Harsel, M., Hoogerheide, V., Verkoeijen, P., & van Gog, T. (2019). Effects of different sequences of examples and problems on motivation and learning. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 58, 260–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.03.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.03.005

Wodzicki, K., Schwämmlein, E., & Moskaliuk, J. (2012). “Actually, I Wanted to Learn”: Study-related knowledge exchange on social networking sites. The Internet and Higher Education, 15(1), 9–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.05.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.05.008

Zulkanain, N. A., Miskon, S., & Abdullah, N. S. (2020). An adapted pedagogical framework in utilizing WhatsApp for learning purpose. Education and Information Technologies, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-10096-0

Picture in here are illustration from public domain image (License) or provided by the author, as part of their works
Published
2021-10-14
 
How to Cite
Khotimah, K., Apgrianto, K., Mustofa, M., Ubaidillah, M. F., & Amalia, S. (2021). Enacting an emergency EFL course in an Indonesian disadvantaged condition. JEES (Journal of English Educators Society), 6(2), 236-244. https://doi.org/10.21070/jees.v6i2.1384
Section
Articles