JEES is a journal with global recognition that is subjected to an extensive peer-review procedure. This statement clarifies the ethical behavior that is anticipated from every individual involved in the publication process of an article in this journal, including the publisher (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo), the chief editor, the peer-reviewer, and the editorial board. This statement is derived from the COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.

Guidelines for Ethical Journal Publication

The incorporation of a manuscript into a Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences (JEES), which undergoes rigorous peer review, is an indispensable component in forming a unified and reputable knowledge network. The quality of the authors' work and the institutions that support them are precisely reflected in it. Articles that have undergone peer review serve to validate findings and model the scientific method. Therefore, it is imperative to reach a consensus regarding the standards of ethical behavior that regulate all parties involved in the publication process, such as the author, journal editor, peer reviewer, publisher, and society at large.

In its capacity as the publisher of JEES, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo is fully dedicated to discharge its duties pertaining to the publication process. The organization sincerely recognizes and accepts its ethical and additional obligations. Ensuring that editorial decisions are not impacted or influenced by advertising, reprint, or any other form of commercial funding is our highest priority. In addition, when necessary and advantageous, the Editorial Board and Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo will facilitate communication with other publications and/or publishers.

Editorial preferences

The editor of the JEES is entrusted with the duty of selecting, from the submitted submissions, those papers that are suitable for publication in the journal. Such decisions should invariably be guided by an assessment of the work's significance to scholars and consumers as well as its validity. In addition to adhering to the guidelines established by the journal's editorial board, editors are required to ensure compliance with the prevailing legal regulations pertaining to plagiarism, libel, and copyright infringement. In making this determination, the editors may seek the input of additional editors or reviewers.

Respect for sportsmanship

An editor has the authority to evaluate manuscripts on the basis of their intellectual merit, irrespective of the author's ethnic origin, citizenship, race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, or nationality.

Regarding privacy

It is strictly forbidden for any member of the editorial staff, including the editor, to disclose any information regarding a manuscript that has been submitted to anyone, with the exception of the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as deemed appropriate.

Issues of potential conflicts of interest and transparency

It is strictly forbidden for the editor to incorporate any unpublished materials from a submitted work into their own research without the author's explicit written consent.

The obligations of reviewers

Participation in Editorial Determinations

Peer review facilitates the editor's decision-making process regarding editing and, through dialogue, can also assist the author in improving the paper.

Be punctual

Referees who are selected for the task and feel unqualified to assess the research presented in a publication, or who are aware that they are unable to do so in a timely manner, are required to notify the editor and voluntarily disengage from the review process.

Regarding privacy

It is imperative that every manuscript submitted for evaluation be treated as confidential materials. Displaying or discussing them with others is strictly forbidden, unless explicitly authorized by the editor.

Determinants of Objectivity

It is imperative that reviews be conducted in an unbiased manner. Participating in subjective critique of the author is considered impolite. In addition to providing substantiating arguments, referees should clearly state their positions.

The citation of sources

It is incumbent on reviewers to identify relevant scholarly works that the authors have failed to cite. When asserting a conclusion based on a prior observation, deduction, or argument, the appropriate citation must be included. In addition, it is expected that the reviewer will expeditiously inform the editor of any substantial similarity or replication that they personally observe between the manuscript under consideration and any other previously published paper.

Declaration and Interests in Conflict

Privileged information or concepts obtained via peer review necessitate the preservation of confidentiality and should not be utilized for personal benefit. It is mandatory for reviewers to refrain from assessing submissions if they have any affiliations or relationships, whether competitive, collaborative, or otherwise, with authors, organizations, companies, or companies associated with the articles in question.

The obligations of authors

Criteria for reporting

Research report authors are expected to furnish an accurate depiction of the undertaken investigation along with an impartial evaluation of its significance. The article ought to faithfully represent the fundamental data. A sufficient quantity of specific information and citations must be included in a manuscript for others to be able to replicate the research. Participating in deceitful or fraudulent assertions on purpose is regarded as unethical and strictly prohibited.

Access to and Retention of Data

For editorial review, authors are required to include the original data with their paper. Additionally, they should have the readiness to disclose this information to the public, preferably in accordance with the ALPSP-STM Statement on Data and Databases. In addition, authors must be willing to retain this information for a reasonable duration following the publication of the paper.

Invention and Theft of Ideas

It is imperative for the authors to guarantee the absolute originality of their works, and in cases where they have integrated the ideas or words of others, they are obligated to duly acknowledge and cite them.

Parallel, concurrent, or redundant publication

Authors ought to abstain from disseminating articles that essentially recount research that has already been published in numerous journals or primary sources. Participating in the concurrent transmission of an identical manuscript to numerous journals is universally regarded as unethical and inappropriate within the publishing industry.

The citation of sources

It is crucial to consistently acknowledge and appropriately compensate the efforts of others. It is imperative for authors to cite publications that have exerted a substantial influence on the development of the presented work's character.

Authorship Attribution of the Paper

The allocation of authorship ought to be restricted to those who have significantly contributed to the inception, planning, execution, or analysis of the research that is being documented. It is critical to incorporate as co-authors all individuals who have provided significant contributions. In order to properly credit or identify individuals who have made contributions to specific aspects of the research undertaking, their contributions should be duly acknowledged. Ensuring the inclusion of all eligible co-authors in the manuscript and excluding any ineligible co-authors is the responsibility of the primary author. In addition, all co-authors are required to review, sign, and endorse the final manuscript version, as well as grant permission for its submission to be published.

Risks and Participants Who Are Human or Animal

In the event that the project involves the use of substances, human subjects, animals, methods, or apparatus that inherently carry significant risks, the author is required to clearly indicate these hazards in the article.

Disclosure and Potential Conflicts of Interest

It is mandatory for authors to disclose in their submission any substantial financial or other conflict of interest that may have the potential to influence the results or understanding of their research. Complete disclosure is required of all sources of financial assistance for the endeavor.

Errors occurring in published works

Authors are obligated to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher of any significant error or inaccuracy found in their published work. They should then engage in a collaborative effort with the editor to retract or amend the manuscript.