Bridging up challenges and mentality of online learning from pre to post-pandemic to develop ELT performance
-
(1) * Eni Faridah
STKIP PGRI Jombang, Indonesia
Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The transition from face-to-face to digital learning during the pandemic has had a profound impact on students, teachers, parents and policy makers. In practice, the challenges are numerous. Fundamentally, it requires the idea of best practices in the implementation of ELT. The best formulation can be made only when the challenges are comprehensively identified. During 2017-2021, there are several studies examining the challenges of ELT from pre-pandemic to post-pandemic, but only focusing on particular contexts. Thus, this research aims to address those challenges and mentality of e-learning in post-pandemic to develop ELT performance. Whereas the method used in this study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) that examines journal articles and proceedings in the 2017-2021 publications according to the topic. The results of this study are a systematic classification of mentality of online learning, ELT challenges, strategy proposed from pre-pandemic to post-pandemic especially in Indonesian context and presented into several subsections; (a) technical challenges, (b) pedagogical challenges, (c) socio-economic challenges, (d) institutional and governmental policies challenges. It is fundamental to identify these challenges in order to come up with the best formula of ELT strategies, such as reconstructing the mentality of learning and integrating roles of various parties. The results of this study provide a comprehensive picture regarding with the reality of ELT during pre-to-post pandemic and as the literature for EFL teachers to develop their professionalism as well as become the considerations for education stakeholders.
HIGHLIGHTS :
- The challenges of teaching English in Indonesia existed prior to the pandemic and worsened during the pandemic despite the fact that there are numerous constructive studies that offer solutions.
- Many studies have revealed the frequency of challenges in teaching English in Indonesia, including (a) technical challenges, (b) pedagogical challenges, (c) socioeconomic challenges, and (d) institutional and government policy challenges.
- Several of the identified challenges are fundamentally integrative, which means that one aspect influences the others. As a result, in order to improve the quality of teaching and learning English as a foreign language in Indonesia, all involved parties, including teachers, parents, students, and policymakers, must work together.
Downloads
References
Agung, A. S. N. (2019). Current Challenges in Teaching English in Least-developed Region in Indonesia. In SOSHUM : Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora (Vol. 9, Issue 3, pp. 266–271). https://doi.org/10.31940/soshum.v9i3.1317
Ahmed, S. (2015). Attitudes towards English Language Learning among EFL Learners at UMSKAL. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(18), 6–16.
Akçay, A., Ferzan Bütüner, T., & Arikan, A. (2015). Reasons behind young learners’ learning of foreign languages. International Journal of Language Academy, 3(2), 56–68. http://www.ijla.net/Makaleler/1302968859_5.pdf
Amalia, H., Abdullah, F., & Fatimah, A. S. (2021). Teaching writing to junior high school students: A focus on challenges and solutions. In Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies (Vol. 17, pp. 794–810). https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.904066
Anggeraini, Y. (2020). Language Teaching in The Digital Age : Teachers `. Research and Innovation in Language Learning, 3(3), 163–172.
Anggraini, R. (2021). The Portrait of EFL Teacher in Online Learning during Pandemic Covid-19: A Case Study in State Senior High School Number 8 Jambi. MELT Journal, 6(1), 96–106.
Aoumeur, H. (2017). The Impact of Class Size on Teaching and Learning English as a Foreign Language: The Case of the Department of English at Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University. Arab World English Journal, 8(2), 349–361. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol8no2.25
Ariani, S., & Tawali. (2021). Problems of Online Learning During Covid-19 Pandemic in Speaking for Professional Context Class. Jo-ELT (Journal of English Language Teaching), 8(1), 32–37.
Ariyanti. (2020). EFL Students’ Challenges towards Home Learning Policy During Covid-19 Outbreak. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 5(1), 167–175.
Atmojo, A. N., & Priyo, A. E. (2020). Keywords : digital learning of English ; EFL learners ‟ perception ; English activities beyond classroom ; social networking sites . JEELS (Journal of English Education and Linguistics Studies), 7(2), 219-243, 7(2), 219–243.
Avinash, M., & Samson, R. (2014). The Importance f English in The Mordern World. Golden Research Thoughts, 3(7).
Balla, E. (2016). A General Outlook of the Importance of the English Language in the World Today. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 5(3), 499–503.
Beatty, K. (2003). Teaching and Researching Computer Assisted Language Learning. Longman.
Besser, A., Flett, G. L., & Zeigler-Hill, V. (2020). Adaptability to a sudden transition to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: Understanding the challenges for students. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/stl0000198
Bhuana, G. P., & Apriliyanti, D. L. (2021). Teachers’ encounter of online learning: Challenges and support system. Journal of English Education and Teaching, 5(1), 110–122.
Brown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy, Second Edition. Pearson Education.
Champa, R. A., Rochsantiningsih, D., & Kristiana, D. (2019). Teachers’ Readiness Indicators on ICT Integration into their Teaching. In Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal (Vol. 2, Issue 4, pp. 195–203). https://doi.org/10.33258/birle.v2i4.508
Chapelle, C. (2001). Computer Applications in Second Language Acquisition: Foundations for Teaching, Testing and Research. Cambridge University Press.
Chin, C. (2016). US$96 Million Losses Revealed in Indonesian Education. GOVINSIDER. https://govinsider.asia/inclusive-gov/us96-million-losses-revealed-in-indonesian-education/
Churiyah, M., Sholikhan, S., Filianti, F., & Sakdiyyah, D. A. (2020). Indonesia Education Readiness Conducting Distance Learning in Covid-19 Pandemic Situation. In International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (Vol. 7, Issue 6, p. 491). https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i6.1833
Crystal, D. (2003). English as a Global Language. Cambridge University Press.
Daar, G. F., & Nasar, I. (2021). Teachers Challenges in The Learning Process during The Covid-19 Pandemic in Rural Areas. JINOTEP (Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi Pembelajaran), 8(2), 186–193. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.17977/um031v8i22021p186
Diana, N., Yunita, W., & Harahap, A. (2021). Student’ Perception and Problems in Learning English Using Google Classroom During the Covid-19 Pandemic. In Linguists : Journal Of Linguistics and Language Teaching (Vol. 7, Issue 1, p. 10). https://doi.org/10.29300/ling.v7i1.4274
Dong, G., & Ren, H. (2013). The Role of Age in Second Language Acquisition A Psychological Perspective. British Journal of English Linguistics, 1(1), 1–6.
Edwards, C. . (1971). The Logic of Boolean Matrices. The Computer Journal, 15(3), 247–251.
Famularsih, S. (2020). Students’ Experiences in Using Online Learning Applications Due to COVID-19 in English Classroom. In Studies in Learning and Teaching (Vol. 1, Issue 2, pp. 112–121). https://doi.org/10.46627/silet.v1i2.40
Gao, L. X., & Zhang, L. J. (2020). Teacher Learning in Difficult Times: Examining Foreign Language Teachers’ Cognitions About Online Teaching to Tide Over COVID-19. 11. https://doi.org/doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.549653 Teacher
Hatmanto, E. D., & Purwanti, E. (2019). Challenges in Implementing E-Learning in the Language Education Context: Case Study at an English Education Department in Indonesia. Third International Conference on Sustainable Innovation 2019 – Humanity, Education and Social Sciences (IcoSIHESS 2019), 43–49.
Hermansyah, H., & Aridah, A. (2021). Teachers’ Perception toward the Challenges in Online English Teaching during Covid-19 Pandemic. In Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics (Vol. 6, Issue 1, p. 63). https://doi.org/10.21462/ijefl.v6i1.342
Hung, M. L. (2016). Teacher readiness for online learning: Scale development and teacher perceptions. Computers and Education, 94, 120–133. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.11.012
Ilyosovna, N. A. (2020). The Importance of English Language. International Journal On Orange Technologies, 2(1), 22–24.
Iswati, L. (2021). When teaching must go on: ESP teachers’ strategies and challenges during COVID-19 Pandemic. In Eralingua: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Asing dan Sastra (Vol. 5, Issue 1, p. 36). https://doi.org/10.26858/eralingua.v5i1.16196
Jayanti, F. G., & Norahmi, M. (2014). EFL: Revisiting ELT Practices in Indonesia. Journal on English as a Foreign Language, 4(2), 5–14.
Karuaniasih, N. L. A. G. (2021). Exploring Readiness of Teachers Toward Remote English Teaching Context. Journal of Educational Study, 1(2). https://doi.org/DOI: 10.36663/joes.v1i2.204 Exploring
Katemba, C. V. (2020). Teachers’ Perceptions in Implementing Technologies In Language Teaching and Learning in Indonesia. In Acuity: Journal of English Language Pedagogy, Literature and Culture (Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 38–51). https://doi.org/10.35974/acuity.v5i2.2299
Keegan, D. (1988). On defining distance education. In Distance Education: International Perspectives. Routledge.
Khalik, M. F. R., & Putro, N. H. P. S. (2021). Students’ Readiness in Implementing Mobile Learning for English Language Learning Purposes. In Script Journal: Journal of Linguistics and English Teaching (Vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 19–31). https://doi.org/10.24903/sj.v6i1.502
Kitchenham, B., & Charters, S. (2007). Guidelines for performing Systematic Literature Reviews in Software Engineering. In EBSE Technical Report Version 2.3.
Kristina, F., Syahrial, & Yunita, W. (2021). Platforms, Problems and Solutions of Online English Language Teaching at Vocational High School Fajar. Journal Basis, 8(2), 299–309.
Lee, K. (2020). Openness and innovation in online higher education: a historical review of the two discourses. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 00(00), 1–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2020.1713737
Lowenthal, P., Bauer, C., & Chen, K. Z. (2015). Student Perceptions of Online Learning: An Analysis of Online Course Evaluations. American Journal of Distance Education, 29(2), 85–97. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2015.1023621
Mahanani, W. (2017). Problems and Solutions of Teaching English to Non English Department Students. 6th ELTLT International Conference Proceedings, 546–549.
Meladina, & Zaswita, H. (2020). Shedding Light on EFL Students’ Readiness and Problems to Face Online Learning in the Pandemic Era. TAMADDUN: Jurnal Bahasa Sastra Dan Budaya, 19(1).
Muawanah, N., Sumardi, & Suparno. (2021). Using Zoom to Support English Learning during Covid-19 Pandemic: Strengths and Challenges. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 5(2), 223–230.
Mulyadi, D. (2018). Efl student teachers’ perception and challenges toward online platforms in language pedagogy. In 2nd English Language and Literature International Conference (ELLiC) (Vol. 2, pp. 321–323).
Muslimin, A. I., & Harintama, F. (2020). Online Learning during Pandemic: Students’ Motivation, Challenges, and Alternatives. In Loquen: English Studies Journal (Vol. 13, Issue 2, p. 60). https://doi.org/10.32678/loquen.v13i2.3558
Mutiah, S. D., Nakhriyah, M., HR, N. H., Hidayat, D. N., & Hamid, F. (2020). The Readiness of Teaching English to Young Learners in Indonesia. Jurnal Basicedu, 4(4), 1370–1387. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v4i4.541
Nartiningrum, N., & Nugroho, A. (2021). English Teachers’ Perspectives on Challenges, Suggestions, and Materials of Online Teaching amidst the Global Pandemic. In IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education) (Vol. 1, Issue 1, pp. 101–119). https://doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v1i1.17886
Nguyen, H., & Terry, D. R. (2017). English Learning Strategies among EFL Learners: A Narrative Approach. IAFOR Journal of Language Learning, 3(1), 4–19. https://doi.org/10.22492/ijll.3.1.01
Nugroho, A., & Mutiaraningrum, I. (2020). EFL Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices about Digital Learning of English. In EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture (Vol. 5, Issue 2, p. 304). https://doi.org/10.30659/e.5.2.304-321
Pan, L. (2011). English Language Ideologies (ELI) in Olympic Beijing. Applied Linguistics Review, 2, 75–98.
Prasetiya, N. I. (2021). ELT Teacher’s Challenges and Strategies in Teaching Reading Comprehension Online. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pembelajaran, 16(20). http://riset.unisma.ac.id/index.php/jp3/article/view/13032
Prasetya, R. E. (2021). Perception and Challenges Integrating Teaching English Based on LMS Moodle During Covid-19 Pandemic. In Elitejournal.Org (Vol. 3, Issue 1, pp. 31–50). http://www.elitejournal.org/index.php/ELITE/article/view/50
Pusparini, K. S., Santosa, M. H., & Myartawan, I. P. N. W. (2018). An investigation on teachers’ e-learning readiness toward e-learning impmentation in public senior high schools. In Language and Education Journal Undiksha (Vol. 1, Issue 1, pp. 12–37).
Putri, E. R. (2021). EFL Teachers’ Challenges for Online Learning in Rural Areas. UNNES-TEFLIN National Seminar, 4(1), 402–409.
Rahiem, M. D. H. (2020). The emergency remote learning experience of university students in Indonesia amidst the COVID-19 crisis. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(6), 1–26. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.6.1
Reddy, M. S. (2016). Importance of English Language in today’s World. In International Journal of Academic Research (Vol. 3, Issue 4, pp. 2348–7666). www.ijar.org.in
Rinekso, A. B., Muslim, A. B., & Lesagia, O. (2021). Teaching Online in Pandemic Time:the Experience of Indonesian Efl Teachers. In ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning, and Research Journal) (Vol. 7, Issue 1, p. 117). https://doi.org/10.24252/eternal.v71.2021.a9
Rochmawati, L., Fatmawati, Sukma, M. M., & Sonhaji, I. (2021). Online Learning Motivation for Aviation English: Attitude, Readiness, and Demographic Factors. In JEES (Journal of English Educators Society) (Vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 1–8). https://doi.org/10.21070/jees.v6i1.792
Shearer, R. L., Gregg, A., & Joo, K. P. (2015). Deep Learning in Distance Education: Are We Achieving the Goal? American Journal of Distance Education, 29(2), 126–134. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2015.1023637
Situmorang, K., Pramusita, S. M., & Nugroho, D. Y. (2021). English Teachers’ Reflections and Lessons Learned in Language Teaching During COVID-19 Pandemic. EDUVELOP: Journal of English Education and Development, 5(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31605/eduvelop.v5i1.111
Songbatumis, A. M. (2017). Challenges in Teaching English Faced by English Teachers at MTsN Taliwang, Indonesia. Journal of Foreign Languange Teaching and Learning, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.18196/ftl.2223
Suhainah, S., & Setyowati, L. (2021). The Students’ Opinion on Online Learning. Educalf, 4(2), 85–91. https://doi.org/Doi: 10.21776/ub.educafl.2021.004.02.05
Sulistyo, T., Anjani, W. E., Marhaban, S., Rofiqoh, R., & Puspitasari, Y. (2021). Online Learning in ELL: Barriers and Perceptions of Indonesian Students. In International Journal of Humanities and Social Science (Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp. 49–54). https://doi.org/10.14445/23942703/ijhss-v8i1p107
Sundarwati, E., & Pahlevi, M. R. (2021). EFL Teachers’ Challenges and Opportunities of Emergency Remote Teaching During The COVID-19 Pandemic: Narrative Inquiry. Language and Education Journal Undiksha, 4(2). https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JJPBI%0AEFL
Syarifah, I., & Zainil, Y. (2021). Teaching and Learning Challenges in EFL Classrooms During the Pandemic Era. In Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Language and Arts (ICLA 2020) (Vol. 539). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210325.020
Uspayanti, R. (2021). Challenges and Teaching Strategies of English Teachers in Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era. Eduvelop, 4(2), 88–98. https://doi.org/10.31605/eduvelop.v4i2.894
Wang, H. & Hill, C. (2011). A Paradigm Shift for English Language Teaching in Asia: From Imposition to Accommodation. The Journal of ASIA TEFL, 8(4), 205–230.
Webb, R. K. (2015). Teaching English Writing for a Global Context: An Examination of NS, ESL and EFL Learning Strategies That Work. PASSA, 49, 171–198.
Wulandari, N. (2021). Students Online English Club of STITM Ngawi In Pandemic Era: A Learning Challenge. DIRASAH, 4(2), 16–30.
Wulanjani, A. N., & Indriani, L. (2021). Revealing Higher Education Students’ Readiness for Abrupt Online Learning in Indonesia Amidst Covid-19. NOBEL: Jpurnal of Literature and Language Teaching, 12(1). https://doi.org/DOI:10.15642/NOBEL.2021.12.1.43-59
Yosintha, R. (2020). Indonesian Students’ Attitudes towards EFL Learning in Response to Industry 5.0. In Metathesis: Journal of English Language, Literature, and Teaching (Vol. 4, Issue 2, p. 163). https://doi.org/10.31002/metathesis.v4i2.2360
Young, S. (2010). American Journal of Distance Student Views of Effective Online Teaching in Higher Education. 37–41. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1207/s15389286ajde2002
Zayed, N. M. (2016). The Pros and Cons of Teaching s Small-Sized Class. International Journal of Education and Research, 4(11).
Copyright (c) 2022 Eni Faridah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
